I\'m currently trying to learn Ruby and I\'m trying to understand more about what it offers in terms of encapsulation and contracts.
In C# a contract can be defined
There are no interfaces in ruby since ruby is a dynamically typed language. Interfaces are basically used to make different classes interchangeable without breaking type safety. Your code can work with every Console as long it behaves like a console which in C# means implements IConsole. "duck typing" is a keyword you can use to catch up with the dynamic languages way of dealing with this kind of problem.
Further you can and should write unit tests to verify the behavior of your code. Every object has a respond_to? method you can use in your assert.