Here is snippet from make CMakeLists.txt:
add_library(foo-object OBJECT src/foo.cpp)
target_include_directories(foo-object PUBLIC include)
add_library(foo SH
It seems that transitive properties only work when targets are linked through a chain of target_link_library calls. In your case, you do not have such a link between foo-object and foo.
If you add a source file to foo, that one should also not be able to see the include directory from foo-object.
This might be an oversight in the design of OBJECT libraries, as it essentially breaks the transitive properties for those.