I crawled one URL with Nutch 2.1 and then I want to re-crawl pages after they got updated. How can I do this? How can I know that a page is updated?
Simply you can't. You need to recrawl the page to control if it's updated. So according to your needs, prioritize the pages/domains and recrawl them within a time period. For that you need a job scheduler such as Quartz.
You need to write a function that compares the pages. However, Nutch originally saves the pages as index files. In other words Nutch generates new binary files to save HTMLs. I don't think it's possible to compare binary files, as Nutch combines all crawl results within a single file. If you want to save pages in raw HTML format to compare, see my answer to this question.