Just Updated android studio from 2.3.3 to 3.0 now I am having the error
Error:Execution failed for task \':app:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerFo
Take a look in "Settings"->"Android SDK"->"SDK Tools" Google Play services is checked and installed v.46, while you there check if you need to update anything else for the new android version.
Clean and Rebuild the project. It should fix the problem, if not you can try to removed the .gradle folder and clean and rebuild again.
For me I also had to close all android projects and open android studio again and it worked smoothly.
Good luck,