I assume that all I need to do is to:
Create an sql file e.g. nameofsqlfile.sql contents:
perform proc_my_sql_funtion();
Execute thi
You just need to think of cronjob as running a shell command at a specified time or day.
So your first job is to work out how to run your shell command.
psql --host host.example.com --port 12345 --dbname nameofdatabase --username postgres < my.sql
You can then just add this to your crontab (I recommend you use crontab -e to avoid breaking things)
# runs your command at 00:00 every day
#
# min hour wday month mday command-to-run
0 0 * * * psql --host host.example.com --port 12345 --dbname nameofdatabase < my.sql