I\'m using the following:
DRIVER={Vertica ODBC Driver 4.1};
SERVER=lnxtabdb01.xxxx.com;
PORT=5433;
DATABASE=vertica;
USER=dbadmin;
PASSWORD=vertica;
OPTION=3
When using ODBC I was always using Windows and setting up a DSN. However, my only suggestion, and this would be a general suggestion for many different types of problems in Vertica, would be to try the ODBC format for PostgreSQL.
Mostly everything that isn't under-the-hood is based on PostgreSQL, especially SQL syntax and functions. So I would go to the aforementioned http://www.connectionstrings.com and look up however PostgreSQL does it.