Given a dataframe that looks like this:
A B 2005-09-06 5 -2 2005-09-07 -1 3 2005-09-08 4 5 2005-09-09 -8 2 2005-09-10 -2 -
Let us call your dataframe data. Try
data
a = data['A']>0 b = data['B']>0 data.groupby([a,b]).count()