I’m wondering that git clone --verbose is not very verbose. The output of executing the command is the following:
$ git clone --verbose
It is not possible to list objects (files, commits, blobs, whatever) one-by-one, simply because git packs them in a single file for efficiency reasons. For the same reason, you will only see a hidden .git folder while cloning, files will be created only if the full pack file has been downloaded.
If you are wondering, these pack files will be downloaded to .git/objects/pack/ with a name like tmp_pack_XXXXXX. (later on, it will be renamed to something like pack-*.pack with a related pack-*.idx file)