In our setting.xml file we have the following:
deploymentRepo
repouser<
You can pass values from command line
mvn -Dvar=someValue -Dtest.username=xyz install
In the POM file, you can refer to system variables (specified on the command line, or in the pom) as ${var}, and environment variables as ${env.myVariable} i.e,${test.username}
You can also refer to the sure-fire plugin doc