Wikipedia differentiates an Array Data Structure and an Array Data-type.
What is the difference between an Array Data Structure and an Array Data-type in the context
Brackets [] is how you designate an Array Data Type in C
Similary, * is how you designate a Pointer Data Type in C
int array[]={1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; is an example of an Array Data Structure in C
Specifically, you have defined a data structure which has 5 integers arranged contiguously, you have allocated sufficient memory on the stack for that data structure, and you have initialized that data structure with values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
A Data Structure in C has a non-zero size which can be found by calling sizeof() on an instance of that structure.