I think Josh gave a good rollup on the language differences.
Tooling Support
There are however also differences in how Visual Studio handles these languages.
Code Snippets are easier to use from the C# editor and the refactoring is better also.
The VB-editor simplifies intellisense by not showing all options at all times.
I'm sure there are more things, but those are the ones that I as a C#'er (doing very little VB) have noticed.
