I am attempting to call the AssumeRole function using AWS sts in my PHP program since I want to create temporary credentials to allow a user to create an object for an AWS b
Maybe you should assign your sts region and endpoint:
$sts = StsClient::factory(array( //... 'region' => 'us-west-2', 'endpoint' => 'https://sts.us-west-2.amazonaws.com', ));