Device build fails after upgrading to Xcode 8

Question

Since upgrading to Xcode 8 I cannot run any app on my iPhone. The build fails with error:

error: Task failed with exit 0 signal 11

Answer 1

Damn Xcode...

After upgrading to High Sierra and Xcode 9, I have spend a lot of time... After combining all the answers here, I solved it in the following way.

1. Delete the derived data as others said.
2. Clean the project as others said.
3. Restart the OS <-- This was the key. Only after a reboot it showed the password popup.
4. When the popup shows that says xcode wants password to something, type your login password, and DO NOT PRESS ALLOW, but PRESS ALWAYS ALLOW. <- Important!