I suspect this is a question which has been asked many times before but i haven\'t found one.
I normally use fully qualified namespaces if i don\'t use that type of
This is documented in the standard in 3.8 Namespace and Type Names, but it's a bit convoluted to follow.
The gist of it that a partial namespace reference is only looked for in the namespace where it occurs, and each layer outwards. using-directives are not checked.
In your example, ns_1_1.Foo would be found if Foo is found anywhere in:
Program.Program.ns_1_1.Foo
Program.ns_1_1.Foo
ns_1_1.Foo