How can ARM's MOV instruction work with a large number as the second operand?

Question

I just begin to study ARM assembly language, and am not clear about how to use MOV to transfer an immediate number into a register.

From both the ARM reference manual

Answer 1

It's somewhat hard to determine if the given constants are within the valid range.

Like Matthew already mentioned, the assembler lends you hand by replacing given instructions with similar, negating ones, like mov/mvn, cmp/cmn, tst/tne etc.