How do I use Visual Studio to develop applications on Mono? Is this possible?
Here is an answer I made on all the available possible alternative to compile against Mono on Windows. However, it's focused for Mono x86. As a summary, let's list the possible choice for VS development:
For Android/Ios, you can also cross-compile and debug inside Visual Studio with Xamarin addin. Although it's not free for commercial huge applications, there a free version available to make small ones.
Note: For those who wonder why in the world I would like to develop in Visual Studio on Windows, instead of MonoDevelop on Unix, let say that developer experience in MonoDevelop does not compare to VS one (especially when it comes to debugger/refactoring, the last due more to Resharper than to VS itself).