Short version:
In my tests with Android 5.0 Lollipop I have noticed android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner detects BLE devices less frequently than Android 4.4 KitK
if you search for BW13_DayOne_Session1 Bluetooth Advanced on google, you will find a pdf document that gives you the latencies for devices based on the settings for discovery (see page 8). I'm guessing your problem has to do with these timings. You can verify by figuring out the advertising configuration for the device you are testing (Adv Int, Duty Cycle) then figure out what the API settings are doing for configuring the scan interval, etc. Once you have these, you can then use that table to interpolate to see if your getting the results you expect.
I know this is a software site, but often when interfacing with hardware you need to know the protocol otherwise your shooting in the dark.