I have a Maven job in Jenkins. Before the actual build step I have an \"Execute shell\" pre-build step. In that shell I set a variable:
REVISION=$(cat .build
I think your best shot is to try the EnvInject plugin for this along with your initial pre-scm step.
Consider loading your file's content (properties format) or execute a script which will load the file as you want and make a variable available for the rest of the job with the "Prepare an environment for the run" option.
I hope this helps.