Help understanding class method returning singleton [duplicate]

Answer 1

A row-by-row explanation ...

// A static variable guarantees there's only 1 instance of it ever, 
// even accross multiple instances of the same class, this particular
// variable will store the class instance, so it can be returned whenever
// a client-class requests an instance of this class.
static Game *sharedSingleton;

// create a method that can always be called, even if there's no instance yet
// this method should create a new instance if there isn't one yet, otherwise
// return the existing instance
+ (Game *) shared  
{
    // synchronized makes sure only 1 client class can enter this method at any time, 
    // e.g. to prevent creating 2 instances whenever 2 client-classes try to 
    // access the following code from different threads.
    @synchronized(self)
    {
        // if the static variable is called for the first time, 
        // create an instance and return it, otherwise return the existing instance ...
        if (!sharedSingleton)
        {
            sharedSingleton = [[Game alloc] init];
        }
    }

    return sharedSingleton;
}