I\'ve looked at Algorithms of the Intelligent Web that describes (page 55) an interesting algorithm - called DocRank - for creating a PageRank like score for business docume
I've done some additional research on the topic and found the Wikipedia entry for the Okapi BM25 algorithm. It also has a successor BM25F that takes document structure into account, but this appears to be more relevant to HTML/XML.
BM25 Incorporates:
Finally, the Wikipedia entry links to a Lucene implementation.
Compared to @Doug's answers above this appears to be a more complex algorithm to implement.