I have tried everything I can think of in css in order to get a background color to span an entire table row (
I prefer to use border-spacing as it allows more flexibility. For instance, you could do
table {
border-spacing: 0 2px;
}
Which would only collapse the vertical borders and leave the horizontal ones in tact, which is what it sounds like the OP was actually looking for.
Note that border-spacing: 0 is not the same as border-collapse: collapse. You will need to use the latter if you want to add your own border to a tr as seen here.