Given the IP and netmask, how can I calculate the network address using bash?

Question

In a bash script I have an IP address like 192.168.1.15 and a netmask like 255.255.0.0. I now want to calculate the start address of this network, that means using the &

Answer 1

For people who hit this while googling and need an answer that works in ash, the sh that's included in BusyBox and therefore on many routers, here's something for that case:

IP=10.20.30.240
MASK=255.255.252.0
IFS=. read -r i1 i2 i3 i4 << EOF
$IP
EOF
IFS=. read -r m1 m2 m3 m4 << EOF
$MASK
EOF
read masked << EOF
$(( $i1 & $m1 )).$(( $i2 & $m2 )).$(( $i3 & $m3 )).$(( $i4 & $m4 ))
EOF
echo $masked

And here's what to do if you only have the prefix length:

IP=10.20.30.240
PREFIX=22
IFS=. read -r i1 i2 i3 i4 << EOF
$IP
EOF
mask=$(( ((1<<32)-1) & (((1<<32)-1) << (32 - $PREFIX)) ))
read masked << EOF
$(( $i1 & ($mask>>24) )).$(( $i2 & ($mask>>16) )).$(( $i3 & ($mask>>8) )).$(( $i4 & $mask ))
EOF
echo $masked