atoi implementation in C

Question

I can\'t understand the following atoi implementation code, specifically this line:

k = (k << 3) + (k << 1) + (*p) - \'0\';
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Answer 1

#include 
#include 
#include 

double atof(const char *string);

int debug=1;

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    char *str1="3.14159",*str2="3",*str3="0.707106",*str4="-5.2";
    double f1,f2,f3,f4;
    if (debug) printf("convert %s, %s, %s, %s\n",str1,str2,str3,str4);
    f1=atof(str1);
    f2=atof(str2);
    f3=atof(str3);
    f4=atof(str4);

    if (debug) printf("converted values=%f, %f, %f, %f\n",f1,f2,f3,f4);
    if (argc > 1)
    {
        printf("string %s is floating point %f\n",argv[1],atof(argv[1]));
    }
}

double atof(const char *string)
{
    double result=0.0;
    double multiplier=1;
    double divisor=1.0;
    int integer_portion=0;

    if (!string) return result;
    integer_portion=atoi(string);

    result = (double)integer_portion;
    if (debug) printf("so far %s looks like %f\n",string,result);

    /* capture whether string is negative, don't use "result" as it could be 0 */
    if (*string == '-')
    {
        result *= -1; /* won't care if it was 0 in integer portion */
        multiplier = -1;
    }

    while (*string && (*string != '.'))
    {
        string++;
    }
    if (debug) printf("fractional part=%s\n",string);

    // if we haven't hit end of string, go past the decimal point
    if (*string)
    {
        string++;
        if (debug) printf("first char after decimal=%c\n",*string);
    }

    while (*string)
    {
        if (*string < '0' || *string > '9') return result;
        divisor *= 10.0;
        result += (double)(*string - '0')/divisor;
        if (debug) printf("result so far=%f\n",result);
        string++;
    }
    return result*multiplier;
}