I have a very peculiar issue using Azure Table Storage. I have a .NET 4.5 project in Visual Studio 2012 where I deal with all my Azure Table Storage functions. This project/
Opening issue for such an easy to solve issue will not help you.
Put the following addition configuration in your respective config files (web.config for the MVC and app.config for the worker role):
Note that runtime section is direct descendant of the configuration root element! I'm pretty sure you already have this section in your web.config, because MVC4 uses it to rebind all references to System.Web.MVC to the latest version.
I personally do not expect the SDK to be updated with every new version of every referenced library! This would be madness...