The statistical software Stata allows short text snippets to be saved within a dataset. This is accomplished either using notes and/or characteristics.
This is a fea
You stated as the reasons for this question:
... it allows me to save a variety of information, ranging from reminders and to-do lists, to information about how i generated the data, or even what the estimation method for a particular variable was.
May I suggest a different paradigm than that offered by Stata? The notes and characteristics seem to be very limited and confined to just text. Instead, you should use Jupyter Notebook for your research and data analysis projects. It provides such a rich environment to document your workflow and capture details, thoughts and ideas as you are doing your analysis and research. It can easily be shared, and it's presentation-ready.
Here is a gallery of interesting Jupyter Notebooks across many industries and disciplines to showcase the many features and use cases of notebooks. It may expand your horizons beyond trying to devise a way to tag simple snippets of text to your data.