Actually this is a little bit silly about protecting public key (what is the definition of public key then?) but as per the documentation by Google:
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As an alternative to obfuscating the key manually, you can also let an obfuscator do it automatically. ProGuard is part of the Android SDK, but it mostly obfuscates class/field/method names, not strings. Its specialized sibling for Android, DexGuard, can add more layers of obfuscation, applying string encryption, class encryption, and reflection. It's not free, but it saves time and it's probably more effective than doing it manually.
(I am the developer of ProGuard and DexGuard)