I am trying to figure out how the linkage between attribute and attribute options, and product and attributes are made in Magento. Is there any reference to how this is work
SELECT pei.value
FROM `catalog_product_entity_int` pei
JOIN `eav_attribute` ea
ON pei.attribute_id = ea .attribute_id
WHERE pei.entity_id = {your product_id}
AND ea.attribute_code = '{your attribute_code}'
Note that there are a number of different tables like catalog_product_entity_int depending on the type of the attribute, so one of those other ones could be appropriate.