How to keep one variable constant with other one changing with row in excel

Question

Lets say I have one cell A1, which I want to keep constant in a calculation. For example, I want to calculate a value like this:

=(B1+4)/(A1)

Answer 1

Use this form:

=(B0+4)/$A$0

The $ tells excel not to adjust that address while pasting the formula into new cells.

Since you are dragging across rows, you really only need to freeze the row part:

=(B0+4)/A$0

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Keyboard Shortcuts

Commenters helpfully pointed out that you can toggle relative addressing for a formula in the currently selected cells with these keyboard shortcuts:

• Windows: f4
• Mac: CommandT