What is the difference between an event handler and a callback function?
Another aspect of this is that events describe something that happened in the past, whereas a callback is often used while something is happening.
When an event fires, you're being told that something has happened. When a callback is used, you're being asked to participate in something.
A library or framework might issue events that let you know something has happened. A framework offers you points at which you can plug in code (perhaps as callbacks) so that you can take actively part in a process.
Part of the problem is that event, callback refer to technical mcehanisms as well as more abstract processes.