Dockerfile is a file that contains text commands to assemble an image.
Docker compose is used to run a multi-container environment.
In your specific scenario, if you have multiple services for each technology you mentioned (service 1 using reddis, service 2 using rabbit mq etc), then you can have a Dockerfile for each of the services and a common docker-compose.yml to run all the "Dockerfile" as containers.
If you want them all in a single service, docker-compose will be a viable option.
