Set $i=0 and do ++$i while it increases. Which number we would reach?
$i=0
++$i
Note that it may be not the same as maximum integer in Perl (as asked
Well, on my 64-bit machine it's 18446744073709551615 (much easier as ~0), after which it increases once more time to 1.84467440737096e+19 and stops incrementing.
18446744073709551615
~0
1.84467440737096e+19