Imagine you have two implementations of a @Local interface
@Local
public interface LocalInterface {
}
@Stateless
public class MyFirstImplementa
The method outlined by PedroKowalski is a typical way to do this. Another trick with respect to the "external configuration property", is simply configuring your builder such that only 1 implementation ends up in the jar you generate that holds the EJBs.
So you don't have to recompile classes or change any source code, but you do have to rebuild your jar to choose another implementation.