I have no idea what\'s going on here and was hoping someone could help, I\'m sure it\'s something easy going on that I\'m just missing.
I have a function in javascri
You can't do it like that.  Remember, the "A" in AJAX means "Asynchronous".  The callback function you provide to $.post() will execute well after GetTotalSize() executes and returns.
You'll need to restructure your code to accommodate this. I can't be specific in my recommendation because I don't know what the rest of your code looks like, but here's a possibility.
$.post("Handlers/GetTotal.ashx", {id : $("#hID").val()}, function(data)
{
  doSomethingWithTotalSize( data.toString() );
});
function doSomethingWithTotalSize( totalSize )
{
  // whatever
}