So generally only the main thread should access the GUI in a MFC application.
However is that a law or just recommended? If I make sure, via critical sections, that
Don't do it. You'll live in a world of ASSERTs and weird behaviour if you do. The GUI works through a system of Windows messages which are 'pumped' on the main thread. If you start modifying the UI in another thread you'll have situations where your operation causes other UI messages, which will be handled by the main thread potentially at the same time you're still trying to access the UI on another thread.
MFC programming is hard enough without trying to handle this sort of thing. Instead use PostMessage to put the UI related handling onto the main thread.