I want to know the current input method the user is typing in such as En (english), German, Chinese, etc... Maybe keyboard type is what I am after, but documentation seems
In iOS4.2 there is a new class UITextInputMode that is exactly what you want. (Oops, this is still under NDA. If you have no iOS dev center account please don't read this answer ;) )
You can query current mode (English, French, Japanese, etc) or get notifications when it changes (the keyboard language changes)
UITextInputMode documentation (requires log in)