The problem was resolved by upgrading the C library.
I would like to use the syscall getrandom (http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/getrandom.2.html)
The getrandom() syscall was introduced in the linux kernel 3.17. Ubuntu 14.04 gets shipped with kernel 3.13, so you have to update to a more recent kernel to get the syscall.
To get .deb packages of the linux kernel for Ubuntu, have a look at kernel.ubuntu.com. This problem was also discussed at askubuntu.com.