I read that a character array in C is a composite data type because it is a sequence of characters, but then in Java a String is a class and Wikipedia says that a class is d
Composite types are derived from more than one primitive type (chars, ints, boolean, etc). This can be done in a number of ways. The ways they are combined are called data structures.
Therefore, your character array in C is a composite data type and a data structure. In general, to make your life and the lives around you easier, you can see a data structure as a generic term.