I know there are a few silimar issues to this one, but I cannot find one that matches my issue.
I cannot install any version of ruby with either rvm nor rbenv. Both
So, I think the fix to this was running:
$ sudo xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch
Why? I'm not sure. My suspicion is I tried to build ruby before updating XCode. But once I had updated XCode I suspect the wrong/older command line tool was still being referenced somehow.
I don't know exactly what fixed this but I completely deleted XCode and ruby still didn't install.
Then I completely deleted command line tools and ruby still didn't install.
Then I reinstalled just the command line tools without XCode and ruby still didn't install.
Then I ran this runFirstLaunch command and ruby installed.