There are a couple of ways to find integer square roots using only integer arithmetic. For example this one. It makes for interesting reading and also a very interesting the
Algorithm more simple in VBA.
Public Function RootNth(radicand As Double, degree As Long) As Double
Dim countDigits As Long, digit As Long, potency As Double
Dim minDigit As Long, maxDigit As Long, partialRadicand As String
Dim totalRadicand As String, remainder As Double
radicand = Int(radicand)
degree = Abs(degree)
RootNth = 0
partialRadicand = ""
totalRadicand = CStr(radicand)
countDigits = Len(totalRadicand) Mod degree
countDigits = IIf(countDigits = 0, degree, countDigits)
Do While totalRadicand <> ""
partialRadicand = partialRadicand + Left(totalRadicand, countDigits)
totalRadicand = Mid(totalRadicand, countDigits + 1)
countDigits = degree
minDigit = 0
maxDigit = 9
Do While minDigit <= maxDigit
digit = Int((minDigit + maxDigit) / 2)
potency = (RootNth * 10 + digit) ^ degree
If potency = Val(partialRadicand) Then
maxDigit = digit
Exit Do
End If
If potency < Val(partialRadicand) Then
minDigit = digit + 1
Else
maxDigit = digit - 1
End If
Loop
RootNth = RootNth * 10 + maxDigit
Loop
End Function