I recommend runner package and function streak_run which calculates consecutive occurences. Possible also calculating on sliding windows (eg. last 5 observations), more in github documentation
x <- as.logical(c(0,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1))
streak <- streak_run(x)
streak[x == 0] <- 0
print(streak)
# [1] 0 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 3 4