How is this effect achieved? Code snippets are highly welcome.
This can be seen in Notes app and other apps on the App Store.
It seem that either the buttons
I don't think you can make it transparent just by setting some sort of property (but I might be wrong).
Look at the UIBarButtonItem documentation. There are init methods that will take a custom view or an image and create a UIBarButtonItem from it. So create a view or an image with the appearance you want and use that. One thing you might want to try is to create a UIButton the way you want it to look, and then do [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:button];
Another solution is to sent the tintColor property of your UINavigationBar to whatever color you want, and the button will take on that color.