Assuming you want to copy the key and the value:
std::map m;
// Map gets populated 
// (...)
// Copying it to a new vector via the constructor
std::vector> v(m.begin(), m.end());
// Copying it to an existing vector, erasing the contents
v.assign(m.begin(), m.end());
// Copying it to the back of an existing vector
v.insert(v.end(), m.begin(), m.end());