I want to be able to execute shell commands on remote nodes using Rundeck and I found this video that explains how to do that but I don\'t understand the private-key part an
Documentation is fairly all over the place with different versions having different keywords and there being no warnings in case you are using the wrong one.
The relevant documentation is here: https://docs.rundeck.com/2.11.3/plugins-user-guide/ssh-plugins.html
You need to specify:
ssh-authentication: privateKey
...and:
ssh-keypath: /path/directly/to/.ssh/id_rsa
(Assuming you are using filesystem key storage.)
Remove passphrase from your keys with:
ssh-keygen -p -m PEM -f /path/to/your/.ssh/id_rsa
...and do not forget to mke sure the id_rsa file is owned by rundeck and has suitably restricted permissions.