I am new to .NET and have heard about several different ways of querying a SQL Server databse such as ADO.NET and the entity framework.
Can anyone give me some advis
Here is an example using EF with code generation from the database (for a real app you probably want to generate your DB from the code, instead):
You will see a file MyEntities.edmx added to your project. You can open it in design view to see a diagram of your entities and relationships. Note that each entity should have a primary key - the easiest way to do this is to add an ID - auto increment field to each table, or a GUID column. Anyway now you can query your db like this:
// assuming a "Product" table, which has an entity pluralized to "Products"
MyEntities db = new MyEntities();
var cheapProducts = db.Products.Where(p => p.Price > 30); // var is IEnumerable