Apple uses link with the maps:// protocol now too, as far as I know, only Apple Maps supports it (tested on Mac OSX 10.11 El Captain).
Example: maps://maps.apple.com/maps?daddr=48.851925,2.337141
So, to list them all, there are the protocols: geo:, bingmaps:, maps:, or linking to the various websites, eg: https://goo.gl/maps/VZG3rV6cRGE2.