When taken literally, it makes sense, but what exactly does it mean to be a significant character of a variable name?
I\'m a beginning learner of C using K&R. He
It means what you fear it means. For external names, the C standard at the time K&R 2nd ed. was written really does give only six case-insensitive characters! So you can't have afoobar and aFooBaz as independent entities.
This absurd limitation (which was to accommodate legacy linkers now long-gone) is no longer relevant to any environment much. The C99 standard offers 31 case-sensitive characters for external names and 63 internally, and commonly-used linkers in practice support much longer names.