Most books on microservice architecture recommend autonomy as a principle. Using a parent pom violates that principle.
First of all with a parent pom you can no longer adopt a polyglot approach and write your microservices in different languages.
You'll also be forced to use the dependencies prescribed by the parent, especially if the enforcer plugin is employed.
The microservices will no longer be independently deployable.
There is also the risk that your work on any one microservice may break others if that work involves altering the parent.