I have this code in my C# class.
#if DEBUG
private const string BASE_URL = \"http://www.a.com/\";
#else
private const string BASE_URL = \"h
#if DEBUG It's a preprocessor definition.
It compiles when you define DEBUG constant. And yes, it's default on Debug Build Configuration.
Visual Studio 2010 Project Properties:

If Define DEBUG constant is checked VS will compile:
private const string BASE_URL = "http://www.a.com/";
Else (not checked) VS will compile:
private const string BASE_URL = "http://www.b.com//";