You can do something like this to get the names of the days of the week for different locales.
Here's the important part:
DateFormatSymbols dfs = new DateFormatSymbols(usersLocale);
String weekdays[] = dfs.getWeekdays();
That can be combined with this:
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
int day = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
To get what you're looking for:
String nameOfDay = weekdays[day];