I just rooted my Nexus 5 using this method: http://www.phonearena.com/news/How-to-root-Google-Nexus-5_id49014
I also enabled USB debugging in the developer options.<
@guest-418 tips works well:
adb -d shell "run-as com.example.test cat /data/data/com.example.test/databases/data.db" > data.db
However, if you want to use a GUI, use Android Studio's Device File Explorer.
Launch Android Studio
Click on Device File Explorer at bottom right-side Navigate to your app's file:
/data/data/path.to.package/databases/data
Right-mouse click select Save As and save to a local folder
I have been having Android Monitor hang on me lately on macOS. Device File Explorer works well for this purpose.